林琼雯
中国医学科学院阜外医院 超声科
Absent pulmonary valve syndrome (APVS) is a rare congenital heart disease that is easily misdiagnosed as tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). We herein discuss the echocardiographic features of APVS, compare its two subtypes, and clarify some differences between APVS and TOF. From July 1998 to October 2011, 31 patients diagnosed with APVS at Fuwai Hospital underwent echocardiography, computed tomography, or cardiac angiography. APVS was clinically categorized as either infant-type or child-type. We compared the echocardiographic similarities and differences between APVS and TOF and between the two subtypes of APVS. Although enlargement or aneurysmal dilatation was present in the main pulmonary artery (PA) and its branch in most patients, pulmonary dysplasia or even an absent left PA was found in a few patients. Four important echocardiographic features of APVS useful for distinguishing this syndrome from TOF were (1) absence of the pulmonary valve or presence of pulmonary valve dysplasia, (2) concurrent stenosis and regurgitation at the pulmonary annulus, (3) significant aneurysmal dilatation in the areas of the PAs, and (4) increased rather than decreased PA pressure. 10 patients had infant-type APVS and 21 had child-type APVS. Compared with child-type APVS, infant-type APVS was usually characterized by a lower oxygen saturation, more dilated main PA and right PA, lower aorta-PA ratio, higher diastolic PA pressure, and lower incidence of an absent left PA. Echocardiography is important for diagnosing APVS and distinguishing it from TOF. There are minimal differences in the echocardiographic features between infant-type and child-type APVS.
The international journal of cardiovascular imaging 2015
BACKGROUND:Mitral regurgitant volume (MRvol) is an important index of the severity of mitral regurgitation (MR), but MRvol measurement remains challenging. With the development of probe technology and software, General Imaging 3D Quantification (GI 3DQ) allows the direct measurement of MR jet volume. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of MRvol by quantification of MR jet volume using GI 3DQ.METHODS:Ninety-three patients were included, 61 with functional MR and 32 with mitral valve prolapse. Patients with MR were also divided into those with central MR (n = 41) and those with eccentric MR (n = 52). MRvol was assessed using GI 3DQ and the proximal isovelocity surface area (PISA) method. MRvol using effective regurgitant orifice area by real-time three-dimensional echocardiography multiplied by the MR time-velocity integral was used as the reference method.RESULTS:MRvol measured by GI 3DQ and the PISA method had good correlation with MRvol by the reference method. A significant underestimation of MRvol using GI 3DQ and the PISA method was observed in the assessment of eccentric MR, but without a significant difference in the assessment of central MR.CONCLUSIONS:Quantification of MRvol with GI 3DQ was feasible. Quantification of central MRvol using this methodology is accurate compared with the reference method. Quantification of MRvol with GI 3DQ has no significant difference from the currently recommended PISA method.
Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography 2014
Right pulmonary artery to left atrial fistula (RPA-LAF) is a rare cardiovascular anomaly. There were no systematic and detail represent by echocardiography. We chose the patients who diagnosed with RPA-LAF at Fuwai Hospital from 2000 to 2010. All patients underwent clinical examination, chest roentgenogram, laboratory testing, electrocardiography, transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), contrast echocardiography, and cardiac catheterization. In this article, we summarize the characteristics of the TTE for diagnosing the rare cardiovascular anomaly of RPA-LAF. We undertook a detailed review of their TTE and contrast echocardiography findings to determine the characteristic findings of this condition.
Echocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.) 2013
BACKGROUND:Left atrial (LA) maximum volume is becoming a prognostic biomarker for left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction. However, we assessed LV diastolic function by measuring LA phasic volumes using real-time threedimensional echocardiography (RT3DE) in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD).METHODS:Sixty-five stable CAD patients with normal LV ejection fraction (LVEF) were divided into three groups according to degree of coronary stenosis: control (n = 15) with <50% stenosis as control group, mildS (n = 25) with mild stenosis (50%-70%) and severeS (n = 25) with >70% stenosis. LA phasic volumes and function were evaluated and compared using RT3DE and two dimensional echocardiography (2DE). N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels were examined. The correlations of RT3DE-derived parameters with other conventional indices were analyzed.RESULTS:Significant correlations between RT3DE and 2DE for LA volume measurements were: control, r = 0.93; mildS, r = 0.94; severeS, r = 0.90 (all P < 0.05). Patients with severe coronary stenosis presented higher NT-proBNP level, indices of LA minimum volume and volume before atrial contraction, but lower LA total emptying fraction (LAEF) and LAEFpassive. Significant correlations of RT3DE derived LA volume indices with E/E' (r = 0.695) and NF-proBNP (r = 0.630) level were found.CONCLUSIONS:RT3DE derived, LA indices correlate well with NT-proBNP level and may be superior to 2DE measurements for the evaluation of LV diastolic dysfunction. Enlargement of LA minimum volume in stable CAD patients without systolic dysfunction appears earlier and may be better correlated with LV diastolic function than that of LA maximum volume.
Chinese medical journal 2013
