李响
中国医学科学院阜外医院
Background:Several studies have estimated daily intake of resistant starch (RS), but no studies have investigated the relationship of RS intake with mortality.Objective:We aimed to examine associations between RS intake and all-cause and cause-specific mortality.Methods:Data from US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2018 with 24-h dietary recall data was used in current study. The main exposure in this study was RS intake, and the main outcome was the mortality status of participants until December 31, 2019. The multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were developed to evaluate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, and all-cause mortality associated with RS intake.Results:A total of 42,586 US adults [mean (SD) age, 46.91 (16.88) years; 22,328 (52.43%) female] were included in the present analysis. During the 454,252 person-years of follow-up, 7,043 all-cause deaths occurred, including 1,809 deaths from CVD and 1,574 deaths from cancer. The multivariable-adjusted HRs for CVD, cancer, and all-cause mortality per quintile increase in RS intake were 1 (95%CI, 0.97-1.04), 0.96 (95%CI, 0.93-1), and 0.96 (95%CI, 0.95-0.98), respectively. The associations remained similar in the subgroup and sensitivity analyses.Conclusion:Higher RS intake is significantly associated with lower cancer and all-cause mortality, but not significantly with CVD mortality. Future studies focusing on other populations with different food sources of RS and RS subtypes are needed to access the dose-response relationship and to improve global dietary recommendations.
Frontiers in nutrition 2022
BACKGROUND:Little is known about the relationship between dietary intake of choline, which is a major dietary precursor for gut microbiome-derived trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), and diabetes mellitus (DM) in the general population. The present study aims to explore the relationship between dietary choline intake and DM in the US adult population.METHODS:Cross-sectional data were derived from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2010 of 8621 individuals aged 20 years or older. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to determine odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for DM of each quartile category of energy-adjusted choline intakes. The restricted cubic spline model was used for the dose-response analysis. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the optimal cutoff value of choline intake for predicting DM.RESULTS:A linear dose-response relationship between dietary choline intake and the odds of DM was found after adjustment for multiple potential confounding factors. With the lowest quartile category of choline as the reference, the multivariable-adjusted ORs and 95% CIs of the second, third, and highest quartile categories were 1.23 (0.99-1.53), 1.27 (1.02-1.58), and 1.49 (1.20-1.85), respectively, P for trend =0.0004. The ROC analysis identified energy-adjusted choline of 331.7 mg/8.37-MJ per day as the optimal cutoff value for predicting DM, with 52.5% sensitivity and 60.7% specificity.CONCLUSION:This study supports a positive and linear relationship between dietary choline intake and DM in the US adult population.
Journal of diabetes 2021
Objective: To describe trends in diet consulting at discharge for patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in China from 2001-2011. Methods: A representative sample of patients in China admitted to hospital for AMI was created from a two-stage sampling approach; profiles for patients with AMI were retrospectively abstracted through their medical records.The study described the overall trends in diet consulting for patients with AMI in China, the rates of diet consulting among patients with hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia, and the variation in diet consulting across different regions. Results: We sampled 162 hospitals and included 16 100 patients with AMI in total.The weighted rates of diet consulting at AMI discharge in China was 16.5%, 28.8%, and 40.8% in 2001, 2006 and 2011, respectively (P for trend <0.001). The rates and trends among patients with hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia were similar to those among all patients with AMI (hypertension: 16.4%, 31.4%, and 41.1% in 2001, 2006 and 2011, respectively; diabetes: 18.2%, 32.2%, and 42.8%; hyperlipidemia: 18.6%, 31.4%, and 41.5%; all P for trend <0.001). The rates has not changed much for those in central rural region over the decade (19.2%, 19.4%, and 22.8% in 2001, 2006 and 2011, respectively; P for trend=0.09); meanwhile, the rates of diet consulting in other four regions increased over years (all P for trend<0.001). Conclusions: From 2001 to 2011, the rates of diet consulting at discharge for patients with AMI has increased in China; however, there are still substantial rooms for improvement, especially for central rural region.Dietitian could work with clinician and be involved in diet consulting for AMI at discharge in order to improve prognosis for patients with AMI.
Zhonghua yi xue za zhi 2018
OBJECTIVE:To study the efficacy of waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) in predicting central obesity among the Chinese adult population.METHODS:A total of 30 630 participants aged 35 - 59 from different areas in mainland China were surveyed for the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in two independent cross-sectional studies that were carried out in 1992 - 1994 and 1998, respectively. In subgroups with different heights, consistency analysis for central obesity diagnosed by WHtR (≥ 0.50) and WC (≥ 85 cm for men, ≥ 80 cm for women) were conducted. Sensitivity and specificity for predicting the clustering of risk factors (number ≥ 2) would include hypertension, abnormal glucose, high serum total cholesterol and low serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol and they were also calculated to evaluate the efficacy of prediction, with the two indices in the different height subgroups as well.RESULTS:The consistency of diagnosis on central obesity by WC and WHtR was good in the whole population (the Kappa value was 0.805 in men and 0.816 in women), but poor (all Kappa values ≤ 0.6) for those with tall (men's height ≥ 180 cm and women's height ≥ 170 cm) or with short statures (men's height < 160 cm, and women's height < 150 cm). Sensitivity in the shorty subgroups and specificity in the tall subgroups appeared poor in both genders, by using WC criteria to predict the clustering of risk factors. However, the sensitivity (ranged from 56.1% to 64.1% for men and 64.7% to 73.2% for women) and specificity (from 70.0% to 74.5% for men, 59.2% to 75.9% for women) seemed good and stable in all the subgroups as well as in both genders by using the WHtR criteria.CONCLUSION:WC and WHtR could both be applied in predicting the clustering of risk factors of CVD and in evaluating the central obesity in the whole population. With satisfactory efficacy, WHtR seemed to be better than WC in the prediction of central obesity, both in men or women with tall or short statures.
Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi = Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi 2013
